Yes you can get sick from eating sour soup that has gone bad.
If the soup is sour and has actually gone bad and spoiled and you eat it then you'll get a stomach ache and possible food poisoning.
If your soup smells sour or unpleasant, then it is likely spoiled and should be discarded.
If your soup smells rancid or sour, then you should never taste it to check further.
Tasting food that is spoiled may make you sick.
Soup is usually good for up to 3 days in the refrigerator and up to 6 months in the freezer.
if the soup smells sour or bad then it likely has bacteria in it and should be thrown out.
It's not worth risking your health to eat the sour soup.
If in doubt throw it out and avoid getting sick.