The flies that spread trachoma are eye seeking bazaar flies, also known as the Musca sorbens fly.
Musca sorbens feeds on the liquid and the protein secretions that are found on human eyes and noses, especially in children.
And the fly acts as a mechanical vector, picking up the Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria on it's feet and mouthparts from an infected person and transfers it to a healthy person.
The eye seeking bazaar flies or Musca sorbens flies prefer to lay their eggs in exposed human feces on the ground, which makes poor sanitation a major factor in high populations of these flies and other flies.
Trachoma is most common in crowded and poor and rural areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America.
The trachoma condition is heavily concentrated in sub-Saharan regions of Africa, the Sahel, and East and Central Africa and trachoma is also found in remote pockets of South America, Central America as well as Asia and the Middle East.
And places with very limited access to clean water, poor personal hygiene and inadequate sanitation are at higher risk of trachoma.
People that are most affected by trachoma are young children and women as active eye infections including trachoma are most common in children of preschool age and women also suffer from blinding complications up to 4 times more often than men because women spend more time caring for infected children.
The organ that is affected by trachoma is the eyes, most specifically the conjunctiva, which is the membrane that lines the inner eyelids as well as the cornea.
Trachoma is a contagious bacterial eye infection that get's it's named from the Greek word for "roughness" due to the bumpy appearance that trachoma creates inside of your eyelids.
Trachoma is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and it leads to severe inflammation, scarring of your inner eyelid and even potential blindness.
Trachoma is also spread and transmitted through personal contact or even flies.
Other names for trachoma include granular conjunctivitis and even blinding granular conjunctivitis.
Trachoma used to exist throughout Europe as well as the United States, even into the 20th century.
Although improvements in living conditions in many parts of the world have thankfully wiped out trachoma, and so trachoma is not as widespread as it used to be, but still 97.1 million people are at risk for developing trachoma.
So while trachoma is less common than it used to be, trachoma still does exist.
Trachoma can also be cured and treated by using antibiotics for early infections of trachoma and surgery for any advanced eyelid damage.
The medical treatments for trachoma include antibiotics like oral azithromycin or tetracycline eye ointment to clear the bacterial infection of chlamydia trachomatis, especially when it's caught early enough.
And in some cases, simple eyelid surgery may be needed to fix turned in eyelashes, (trichiasis) to stop them from scratching and ruining your cornea.
For prevention and care of trachoma these things include facial cleanliness and environmental improvements.
Better access to improved sanitation and clean water also lower your risk of repeat infections of trachoma.
And washing faces and hands also stops the bacteria from spreading for trachoma through personal contact.