To pickle Cucumbers and turn the Cucumbers into pickles it takes around 5 to 7 days but 7 days at the most.
When you're making pickles from Cucumbers you should shake the jar of pickles a few times per day for at least 5 of those days.
That is it takes around a week for sliced Cucumbers to become pickles but for whole Cucumbers it can take up to 2 to 3 weeks for the whole cucumbers to become pickles.