A pigeons lifespan is at least 15 years as long as it doesn't get killed or harmed or get diseases and die.
Pigeons usually live less time out in the wild and live longer in captivity.
The average lifespan of a pigeon in captivity is 15 years while in the wild the pigeons seldom live longer than 4 to 5 years.
However some pigeons out in the wild can live up to 15 years as well as long as they are not harmed, killed or get any diseases.
In captivity the pigeon is usually well taken care of and fed and doesn't usually get the diseases that wild pigeons can get.