When you go to jail your phone is taken and placed into your personal property belongings where they will keep it until you're released.
When you get released from jail the phone will be returned to you along with your personal belongings unless a warrant was issued to seize the phone for evidence.
When you're sent to prison your stuff that was brought with you to jail and kept by the jail will usually be given to your family or will be disposed of.
Some stuff you may be allowed to take with you to the prison but anything else will have to be given to your family or disposed of.
Any belongs that you have on the outside will remain your property and you can have your family take care of the belongings you have and either store it for later, sell it or give it away.
If you're going to prison for life then anything on the outside that you own such as a house o car etc could be given to family or sold.
Once you're in prison for life then you no longer need those things as you will not be able to use those things.
When in prison any rent or mortgage payments you have will remain due, as will your car loan, exactly as before.
You'll still have to pay off your credit card bills, pay taxes and tend to child support obligations, unless your term of incarceration is so lengthy that an exception to this rule applies to your situation.
Also when you go to jail or prison the state might seize assets that are used as evidence or that they believe are connected to a crime.
The reasons for taking your property may include safekeeping, forfeiture, arrest evidence, contraband, or investigatory evidence.
It's important to note that the process for getting your property back varies by county.