The bank might cash the check for you if the check came from their own bank.
But if the check is being drawn from another bank then the bank will require you to have enough money in your checking account to cover the check you're cashing.
If you have no money in the bank or enough money to cover the amount on the check then the bank won't cash the check.
They will however allow you to deposit the check into your checking account if you don't have enough money in the bank and then after it clears you can get the cash out of the bank within 3 to 5 days.