In cold weather dogs can stay outside in the cold weather for 30 minutes to an hour depending on how cold it is.
If the weather is freezing then 30 minutes is all they should be outside for at a time and if it's above freezing then the dog can stay outside for an hour or a few hours.
During cold weather the dogs should always be brought inside where it's warm because the dog can freeze to death and even cats need to be inside when it's freezing outside.
If the temperature is 45 F or below that then the dog should be inside sleeping and during the day as well for most of the day.
It's okay to let your dog outside for 30 minutes to an hour to exercise, play etc even in really cold weather but during the night they should be inside the house where it's warm.
Any temperatures of 45 F or below is too cold for a dog to sleep outside.
If the weather is above freezing though then it can be okay and safe for the dog to sleep outside but also need to provide the dog with adequate shelter from rain etc.
If it's too cold for you to sleep outside then it's too cold for the dog to sleep outside.
A dog can sometimes survive freezing temperatures but not always.
A dog should never be left outside in the freezing temperatures as they can easily freeze to death.
Even a dog house cannot keep the dog warm enough to keep them from freezing.
If it's too cold outside for you then it's too cold for the dog to be sleeping outside or be out longer than an hour or two.
So if the temperature is 45 F or below make sure to bring the dog inside the house where it's warm so they don't freeze to death or get too cold.