A badly bruised toe should heal fully within 2 to 4 weeks.
The pain and swelling of the badly bruised toe should go away within 4 to 7 days though.
Whenever I've had a badly bruised toe the toe took 4 weeks to fully heal but the pain and swelling of the bruised toe went away within 4 days.
If you have a badly bruised toe that is painful I recommend taking some aspirin or other pain reliever to help ease the pain.
If the swelling or bruising of the badly bruised toe does not go away within a few weeks or it gets worse then see a doctor because it could be infected.
But most bruised toes or injured toes do not require a doctors visit or emergency room visit.
Just give it time and rest your foot and toe to allow the toe to heal.
Try wearing Sandals when you have a bruised toe so the toe is allowed to heal.