Yes you can plant succulents in perlite.
Perlite is a good lightweight soil amendment that works well for planting and growing succulents in.
The Perlite is a good draining soil for the succulents and also retains very little moisture, prevents soil compaction, and helps add better drainage for your succulents.
So yes you can plant your succulents in Perlite or just about any other soils but make sure the soil you have is a good draining soil.
I would also recommend using some pots with good drainage holes but you can also plant succulents in soil in a garden bed.
Or you can plant the succulents in window planters as well.