Yes Medicare will cover the cost of one pair of diabetic shoes per year as long as your doctor accepts Medicare which most doctors do.
My Grandma has to wear diabetic shoes and she has Medicare and her Medicare plan covered the cost of the diabetic shoes without a problem.
If you haven't provided your Medicare information to your doctor yet you can supply the doctor with your Medicare information and the doctor will be able to bill Medicare for the diabetic shoes.
Diabetic shoes are not all that expensive but still having Medicare pay for them is a good thing to save you money.
Also your regular private health insurance should also cover the cost of any diabetic shoes you need and the health insurance just like Medicare will pay for one pair of medically needed diabetic shoes per year.