Yes having low oil level can cause your engine to die because some newer cars contain a low oil pressure sensor or low oil sensor that shuts off a cars engine if the engine oil level gets too low.
The engine shuts off due to low engine oil level because if it didn't the engine would lose lubrication which would lean lead to engine bearing damage and then eventually seize the engine.
If your engine shuts off and doesn't start back up then it could be the engine oil level being low so you should check the engine oil level and make sure the engine oil is at the correct level.
If it's low then you should add some more oil until the oil is full and then try to restart the vehicle.
If the vehicle still doesn't start then it is something else such as low fuel pressure due to a bad fuel pump or clogged fuel filter.
Or you could have dirty or clogged fuel injectors or bad fuel injectors as well.
Other things to check are the Idle Air Control Valve, Spark Plugs, Spark Plug Wires, Ignition Module, Ignition Coils etc.
Your cars fuel pressure should be between 45 to 55 PSI and if it's below that then your fuel filter is either clogged or your fuel pump is going bad.
If your car has 100,000 miles or more on it then it would be a good idea to change the fuel pump because when it goes out your car will stop and not start up again.