If you own your house outright and do not have a mortgage on the house then yes the debt collectors can take you to court and if they win the case they can possibly have the judge order a lien on your house until you pay up.
If you do not pay back in a certain amount of time the debt that is owed then the debt collector could possibly force you out of the house and take the house for the repayment of the debt owed.
However for the debt collector to even consider taking you to court and taking your home you'd likely have to owe a huge amount of debt that makes the debt collector think it's worth their time taking you to court over.
So if the debt you owe is under $10,000.00 it's unlikely that they would take your home or try to take your home but if you owe debt more than $10,000.00 then they just might take you to court and put a lien on your house.
They can also get the judge to order a garnish on your wages or take your money in your bank account to pay back the debt.