All types of plants including the snake plant can grow and live outside as long as the climate is right for it.
The snake plant does even better when it's allowed to be outside or planted outside in the proper climate.
I have a few snake plants growing outside my house and they do just fine and make the yard look very nice too.
If you have an indoor snake plant it's a good idea to take the indoor snake plant outside when it's sunny out to allow it to get a lot of sun.
The snake plant when allowed outside in good weather will thrive much better.