A properly installed shingle roof should easily last from 20 to 25 years and in some cases as long as 30 years before the shingle roof would need to be replaced again.
Of course storms and high winds could damage the roofing shingles and tear some shingles off the roof and then it might need fixed sooner but you shouldn't have to fully replace a properly installed shingled roof for at least 20 years.
Personally though I would recommend installing metal roofing on your home instead of replacing the current asphalt shingles with new shingles.
The metal roofing usually costs a bit more to have a pro install it but it will outlast you and likely your grand kids.
A metal roof will not need replaced for a very long time and holds up better to storms. And in addition it acts as a fire protector should any sparks or embers land on the metal roof.