Drinking water is hypotonic to the fluids inside the body like blood.
When the drinking water is hypotonic it means that it has a lower concentration of solutes such as dissolved salts and sugars when compared to the body's internal fluids.
And when you drink hypotonic water it can also cause water to move from the water into your cells, and could potentially even lead to swelling or even bursting if the concentration difference becomes significant.
Pure water is a hypotonic solution when drinking it.
The prefix hypo means low or under and hyper means high or over.
A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solute and a hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solute.
Organisms which live in a hypotonic environment like those who live in freshwater, need a way to prevent their cells from taking in too much water by osmosis.
A contractile vacuole is a type of vacuole that removes excess water from a cell.
Hypertonic fluids are fluids that have a higher solute concentration compared to body fluids, drawing water out of cells.
Some common examples of hypertonic fluids include 3% and 5% sodium chloride (3% NaCl and 5% NaCl), as well as dextrose solutions like 10% dextrose in water (D10W), 20% dextrose in water (D20W), and 50% dextrose in water (D50W).
Additionally, solutions like 5% dextrose in 0.45% NaCl (D5 1/2 NS) and 5% dextrose in Lactated Ringer's (D5LR) are also hypertonic.