An example of a hypotonic solution is salt water as a hypotonic solution is a solution which has a lower concentration of solute when compared to the cell.
The difference between hypertonic and hypotonic is the hypertonic solution is a solution that has a higher concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow into it.
And a hypotonic solution is a solution which has a lower concentration of solute than another solution, meaning water will flow out of it.
A hypertonic solution is any external solution that has a high solute concentration and low water concentration compared to body fluids.
In a hypertonic solution, the net movement of water will be out of the body and into the solution.
If your red blood cells were to meet a hypertonic solution, water would exit the cells, causing them to shrink and become less efficient at transporting oxygen.
This could lead to a decrease in your blood pressure and reduce the amount of oxygen your blood cells can carry.
Hypertonic dehydration occurs when an individual excretes too much water without also excreting electrolytes, leaving the fluid that surrounds cells (i.e., extracellular fluid) with a high sodium concentration. A high concentration of sodium outside a cell will draw water out of the cell, towards the sodium.
Hypertonic solutions are considered to have a greater ability to expand blood volume and thus elevate blood pressure and can be administered as a small volume infusion over a short time period. On the other hand, the use of hypertonic solutions for volume replacement may also have important disadvantages.
Clinicians use hypertonic fluids to increase intravascular fluid volume.
Hypertonic saline can be utilized in the treatment of hyponatremia.
Hypertonic saline and mannitol are both indicated to reduce intracranial pressure.
Hypertonicity causes severe clinical manifestations and is associated with mortality and severe short-term and long-term neurological sequelae.
The main clinical syndromes of hypertonicity are hypernatremia and hyperglycemia.
Hypernatremia results from relative excess of body sodium over body water.
Sodium chlorine (aka saline) is the main ingredient in all hypotonic solutions.
Compared to isotonic and hypertonic IVs, the hypotonic fluids are lower in sodium chlorine.
Consequently, these solutions are used in situations where patients have hypernatremia or high sodium chloride levels.