The 5 flavors of human taste are umami, bitter, sour, salty and sweet.
Taste receptors in the mouth sense the five taste modalities: sweetness, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and savoriness (also known as savory or umami).
The nerves that give taste are the facial nerve (CN VII) innervates the anterior two thirds of the tongue, the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) innervates the posterior one third of the tongue, and the vagal nerve (CN X).
The vagal nerve (CN X) carries the taste information from the back part of the mouth, including the upper third of the esophagus.
The tongue is a muscle.
The tongue is unique in that it is the only muscle that isn't connected to bone at both ends.
It is connected on one end to the hyoid bone, which is also unique as it is the only bone not connected to any other bone in the body.
The tongue has two groups of muscles although the tongue also consists of 8 separate muscles.
The tongue is not just one muscle, it's a conglomeration of eight separate muscles.
Unlike other muscles, such as the bicep, tongue muscles don't develop around a supporting bone.
The cranial nerve that controls the tongue is the Hypoglossal Nerve.
The nerve that connects the tongue to the brain is the Hypoglossal Nerve.
The hypoglossal nerve is one of 12 cranial nerves.
It's also known as the 12th cranial nerve, cranial nerve 12 or CNXII.
This nerve starts at the base of your brain.
It travels down your neck and branches out, ending at the base and underside of your tongue.
The nerves on the tip of the tongue are directly connected to the brain stem, a crucial hub that directs basic bodily processes.
Previous research showed that sending electrical pulses through the tongue activated the neural network for balance; such activation may shore up the circuitry weakened by MS.
The infraorbital nerve controls the lips.
The infraorbital nerve, which is a terminal branch of the maxillary nerve, innervates the upper lip.
The buccal branch of the facial nerve, or cranial nerve VII, provides motor innervation to the orbicularis oris and elevators of the lip and lip angle.
Our lips have more than a million different nerve endings, making them one of the most sensitive parts of your body (and 100 times more sensitive than your fingertips).
They're even more sensitive because there's no defensive membrane to protect them.
The thickest nerve in the body is the sciatic nerve which is also the longest nerve in the body.
The longest nerve in the body is the Sciatic Nerve.
The sciatic nerve is the longest and thickest (almost finger-width) nerve in the body.
The sciatic nerve is actually made up of five nerve roots: two from the lower back region called the lumbar spine and three from the final section of the spine called the sacrum.
The axon is like a long cable that snakes away from your brains neuron cell.
Each neuron in the brain has one long cable that snakes away from the main part of the cell.
This cable which is several times thinner than a human hair, is called an axon, and it is where electrical impulses from the neuron travel away to be received by other neurons.
The motor neuron's cell body is located in gray matter in the ventral horn, and its long axon leaves the cord via the ventral root and continues on to a muscle where it makes a neuromuscular junction.
The nerve that opens the eyelid is the oculomotor nerve.
The oculomotor nerve helps to adjust and coordinate eye position during movement.
Several movements assist with this process: saccades, smooth pursuit, fixation, accommodation, vestibulo-ocular reflex, and optokinetic reflex.
The oculomotor nerve is the third cranial nerve (CN III).
It allows movement of the eye muscles, constriction of the pupil, focusing the eyes and the position of the upper eyelid.
Cranial nerve III works with other cranial nerves to control eye movements and support sensory functioning
The oculomotor (third) cranial nerve plays an important role in the efferent visual system by controlling ipsilateral eye movements, pupil constriction, and upper eyelid elevation.
Accordingly, damage to the third cranial nerve may cause diplopia, pupil mydriasis, and/or upper eyelid ptosis.
The oculomotor nerve innervates the superior, inferior, and medial recti, as well as the inferior oblique and levator palpebrae superioris muscles.
The axons then enter the orbit upon the short and long ciliary nerves (branches of V1, the ophthalmic division of CN V - the trigeminal nerve) to synapse on the dilator pupillae muscle, causing pupillary dilation.
The main parts of the human eye are the cornea, iris, pupil, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor, retina, and optic nerve.
The human eye belongs to a general group of eyes found in nature called "camera-type eyes."
Just as a camera lens focuses light onto film, a structure in the eye called the cornea focuses light onto a light-sensitive membrane called the retina.
The eye is made up of three coats, which enclose the optically clear aqueous humour, lens, and vitreous body.
The outermost coat consists of the cornea and the sclera; the middle coat contains the main blood supply to the eye and consists, from the back forward, of the choroid, the ciliary body, and the iris.
The main functions of the eyes include.
Light Detection. Every object reflects light.
Night Vision. The less light there is, the less the items will reflect for the eyes, making nighttime or darkness harder to see.
Focus. The eye, like a camera, has a lens.
Depth Perception.
Balance.
Light is focused into the eye through the clear, dome-shaped front portion of the eye called the cornea.
Behind the cornea is a fluid-filled space called the anterior chamber.
The fluid is called aqueous humor.