The gland that secretes ADH is the pituitary gland which is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing.
ADH controls blood pressure by acting on the blood vessels and kidneys and works by conserving the fluid volume of your body by reducing the amount of water passed out in the urine.
ADH reduces the sodium concentration by increasing the water rabsorption in your kidneys which then helps dilute bodily fluids.
ADH works on the kidneys by binding to the receptors on cells in the collecting ducts of the kidney and promotes reabsorption of water back into the circulation.
ADH causes hyponatremia when and if the body's water intake exceeds the reduced urine output, the ensuing water retention leads to the development of hyponatremia.
Hyponatremia is mediated initially by ADH-induced water retention that results in volume expansion which activities secondary natriuretic mechanisms causing sodium and water loss and restoration of euvolemia.
ADH is a cause of edema as it's been shown that ADH is an indirect cause of the edema disease.
Edema means swelling caused by fluid in your body's tissues.
It usually occurs in the feet, ankles and legs, but it can involve your entire body.
Causes of edema include: Eating too much salt. Sunburn.
When your ADH is high you will produce less urine as urine production is less when your ADH levels are high.
And when your ADH level is low then your body produces more urine.
When your ADH levels are low it can be an indicator of a few different conditions such as you may have diabetes insipidus, polydipsia or damage to your pituitary gland.
Normal values for ADH can range from 1 to 5 pg/mL (0.9 to 4.6 pmol/L).
Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories.
Some labs use different measurements or may test different specimens.
Low levels of anti-diuretic hormone will cause the kidneys to excrete too much water.
Urine volume will increase leading to dehydration and a fall in blood pressure.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced.
A high ADH level causes the body to produce less urine.
A low level results in greater urine production.
Levels of ADH may be greatly increased with such cancers.
Other testing may be performed to help distinguish SIADH from other disorders that can cause fluid accumulation (edema), low blood sodium, and/or decreased urine production, such as congestive heart failure, liver disease, kidney disease, and thyroid disease.
ADH acts on the kidneys to control the amount of water excreted in the urine.
ADH blood test is ordered when your provider suspects you have a disorder that affects your ADH level such as: Buildup of fluids in your body that are causing swelling or puffiness (edema) Excessive amounts of urine.
What causes ADH deficiency?
ADH deficiency.
Too little ADH in your blood may be caused by compulsive water drinking or low blood serum osmolality, which is the concentration of particles in your blood.
A rare water metabolism disorder called central diabetes insipidus is sometimes the cause of ADH deficiency.
Typically, this form is treated with a synthetic hormone called desmopressin (DDAVP, Nocdurna).
This medication replaces the missing anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) and decreases urination.
You can take desmopressin in a tablet, as a nasal spray or by injection.
The antidiuretic action of low concentrations of vasopressin is well established and concentrations 10 to 100 times above those required for antidiuresis elevate arterial blood pressure.
Antidiuresis is mediated by V2-receptors at the kidney, whereas vasopressin constricts arterioles by binding at V1-receptors.