Yes if you read in the fine print in the Terms and Conditions that the bank gives you with the paperwork when you sign up for the bank account.
The Terms and Conditions will state that if you overdraft your checking account or have any other debts to the bank then they can remove money from your bank account to pay for those overdraft fees or other debts that you owe them.
So if you overdraft with your checking account and you deposit more money into the checking account the next month the bank can remove money from your checking account or other bank account to cover the overdraft check and overdraft fees owed to them.